Francis Steegmuller

Francis Steegmuller (1906-1994) was an American biographer, translator, and novelist renowned for his scholarship on Gustave Flaubert, including "Flaubert and Madame Bovary" and translations of Flaubert's letters and "Madame Bovary." He won the National Book Award twice: in 1971 for his biography of Jean Cocteau and in 1981 for translating Flaubert's letters, and received the American Academy of Arts and Letters Gold Medal.